This study was designed in ord, impacts like landslides and soil erosion has also been discussed as 78% of the local resident. The results confirmed the existence of cointegration among the variables both in long- and short-run paths. They could be useful to provide insights toward a better land management for the study area, as well as for similar landslide-prone environments in Southern Italy, contributing to establish good practices for future landslide risk mitigation. However, the negative role of forest department as they do not have proper management and check balance on these forests should not be neglected in deforestation. ozone layer depletion, deforestation, desertification, vanishing bio diversity and land degradation have resulted in climate change and ecological imbalance. Urbanization, farming, overgrazing, tourism development and timber mafia are the main reasons for deforestation. Also, the irreversible and abrupt consequences of deforestation may hinder the production of medicine in future and also it causes flooding. They operate without license in the dense forests of Pakistan to benefit their own business and accumulate millions of rupees in their pocket through illegal cutting of trees. Deforestation and associated ecological disturbances are the issues of global concern. Researchers have investigated a number of driving forces which accelerate the rate of deforestation at local and regional levels. However, it is not known how technical change, agricultural input prices, household income levels, and tenure security affect deforestation. In addition, post-clearing soil and crop management practices should be developed to minimize the soil degradation caused by machine clearing. movement of rock or soil as landslide occurs. However, the state of ecohydrological responses highlight that human-induced ecological changes can be largely proved at the microwatershed level. Instead, the estimated deforestation of about 30% during the last 3 decades is primarily due to commercial harvesting and mismanagement by the government. For example, people are giving importance to orchards because of their high profitability. The results of this study indicate that local fuelwood collection is not the main cause of deforestation. The landslide and flashflood of 2045 and 2050 B.S has caused the, Human activities, including extensive land use practices, such as deforestation and intensive cultivation, may severely affect the landscape, and have caused important changes to the extent of natural forests during the last century in Southern Italy. In Pakistan, another cause for deforestation is timber mafia. 1.2 Urbanization: Increasing anthropogenic activities along the slopes in the mountain areas have altered the existing land use pattern posing risk from different hazards. Climatic Changes. Author MY wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the, manuscript. These modifications can alter the 1 Deforestation: Causes, Effects and Control Strategies Sumit Chakravarty 1, S. K. Ghosh 2, C. P. Suresh 2, A. N. Dey 1 and Gopal Shukla 3 1Department of Forestry 2Pomology & Post Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari 3ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Research Center, Plandu Ranchi India 1. Minimal efforts have been done so far by Federal Government to restore the trees and probing the deforestation. But PIP It has suffered loss of forest biodiversity (conifers, riparian, thorn, mangroves) owing to poor management practices of over hundred years, which administer forest systems by dividing conifers into periodic blocs. Pakistan had 340,000 ha of planted forest. Frequent occurrences of landslides are becoming common feature in Upper Beas Basin. Owing to a lack of basic research, there is little effective information which cannot be used for long-term effective monitoring of ecological and hydrological responses to global change. relatively important in leaching processes [15,1]. Overpopulation of animals causes them to graze more and eat bushes, herbs, and trees. An analysis of the land use as it has occurred over the last 70 years suggests that it and property rights in the Upper Beas Basin are complex and dynamic. The main causes of deforestation are mounting population pressure, dependence of urban and rural households on fuelwood, suspension of forest management in natural forests, unscientific grazing beyond carrying capacity, floods, fires and storms, inadequate financial inputs, and stakeholders' lack of involvement in the process of policy making. The increase in global demand for commodities, such as palm oil and soybeans, are driving industrial-scale producers to clear forests at an alarming rate. to study the effects of tropical deforestation in South and Southeast The simulations control factors of slope movements, any variation in land cover pattern may determine changes in landslide distribution. Forest, reforestation, which directly fallouts in habitat and, due to the industrial capitalism the plan, Pakistan fuel wood covers about 53% of total, supposed to be rapidly diminishing t, coastal areas and islands are more reachable, than others. regional circulation. Pakistan is among those countries, which have very high deforestation rate. A, especially in this 21st century because of the. In the evaluations conducted without considering the differences in stages of life cycle and prey species, the predator caught the prey at a rate of 69%. Deforestation 2. Human activity is continuous and has a profound impact. This present paper attempts to analyze myths and realities regarding deforestation in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan. Deforestation is ongoing and is shaping climate and geography.. Deforestation is a contributor to global warming, and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect.Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20% of world greenhouse gas emissions. 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