The latter is defined by another psychological term, optimism bias. It involves the estimation of the amount of time required by a certain project activity given the available resources. Step 2. Projects are typically drafted with time bounded constraints. resources, Automating projects and workflows for your clients' engineering The thing is that it’s impossible for a PM to singlehandedly think about all the details, since obviously, no PM is equally strong in all aspects of a given project. Estimating the manpower and time needed to finish a software project is relatively easy when it is developed on the grounds of modular designs and is handled by an experienced team following an Agile approach. In the end, you will have to take more time to complete the project than you previously estimated, and more resources as well. “Top-Down approach focuses on the main project deliverable and breaks it down into smaller chunks of work needed to be done, until, finally, all the to-do tasks are clear.”. These are: Decide the aim of the task with your team. In order to have a consistent time estimation, historical data is important, but it’s not cheap. Tagged with productivity, devtips, softskills. In this post I will explain the general methods of how to estimate the time for a task or project and show a step-by-step algorithm for this. Based on experience, familiarit… “The Bottom-Up approach focuses on the team members resolving all the phases and tasks of the project to form the end deliverable” – This is performed by the whole team right off the bat (under the supervision of the PM) and all the small details are taken care off from the start. Once you find the project you need simply click on it. You can upgrade your Lite account to Team/Enterprise by clicking on any Locked-down feature in your Lite account or contact us if you need any assistance. Planning fallacy comes from the work of psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, who came up with the term in the late 1970s to describe a psychological tendency for people to underestimate the amount of time it will take to complete a task. On the downside, this approach will require significantly more time to answer the ultimate question “how long will it take?” and, since all the team members are actively involved in the brainstorming process, it offers less control over the project. Now, this is kind of a band aid. The level at which activity durations are estimated. How to Estimate Time Accurately. 5 Time Estimation Tips. Then calculate the average. To begin with, estimate the time needed for each task rather than for the project as a whole. Finally, a project manager considers the results of analogous and expert judgment estimations and arrives at a final estimate. Plus, when it’s rolled into your larger project management software, this time data syncs with all of your other project management tools. Linking dependent tasks is easy. Three-point estimating allows you to be far more accurate with your project estimations than simply asking your teammates or colleagues to provide an estimate for the time a project, deliverable, or task will take. “If only there was more time,” goes the lament. This approach is suited for cases when you don’t have a lot of time to answer the ultimate question “how long will it take?”, and at the same time, have a lot of data to work with. Now you have a full view of how to estimate projects, what project estimates should include, what the best methods of estimating projects are, it’s time to get started. The next step is to estimate time for each task, rounding up. Make sure that you include all constraints and other factors in your estimation. Conversely, if your previous project was significantly less in terms of effort, verify that your estimate for the new project exceeds the estimate for the effort. One study estimates that as many as 66% of all enterprise software projects have cost and effort overruns. If you are using subcontractors, you will need to get their time estimates first and work them into your time… Precise time estimates help you plan and parse your work – as a result, you manage your time and errands properly.. Double Your Estimation. The start of a project is the hardest time to estimate, due to the level uncertainty over key factors like what is to be done, when, by whom, etc. Tell us about your experience and how you handle different projects, we are dying to know! Time and Materials estimates are great for projects where it’s difficult to accurately estimate the size of the project, or when it is expected that the project requirements are likely to change. Teams are assembled for expertise and experience. Top-down & bottom up. To calculate variance, with V being variance, use this equation: V=[(P – O)/ 6]^2. Then using past projects, experience and historic data as a guide, determine what the time estimate is. Client might say yes if the buffer time added is realistic. Using ProjectManager.com for Time Estimation For increased accuracy when uploading initial data, use the online Gantt chart from ProjectManager.com . Once you have an estimate and are ready to start the project, you’re already in a robust project management software with real-time status updates, easy task assigning, and a collaborative platform to help teams communicate and work together more productively. Make the estimates. When you’re not punching a clock or reporting to a boss, how you manage your time falls squarely on your shoulders. Here are six techniques to estimate time for a project: Break down the project into activities and then further into smaller tasks, then estimate each task. A project manager wanting to obtain an empirical cost estimate completes a form detailing the project’s characteristics and parameters, and the system estimates a cost based on the kind of project. The experts estimate the number of hours needed for implementing bulk purchasing and subscription orders. Here, and "deadline sneaks up unn... [Read Full] PERSONAL MODERATOR. But, for the purpose of estimating your project time, let’s break it down into at least six parts: research, brainstorming, outlining, writing the first draft, polishing your draft, and completing client-requested revisions. You get Total project time (in weeks and days too) and project cost. Now you can adjust the efforts (number of hours each screen takes) or adjust your hourly rates to finialize your estimation. SD = (b − a) / 6. Now, to calculate the time and resources needed to complete a project, we need a detailed plan involving all the tasks, estimates, required budget, team members, taking into account their skills, expertise and so on. After calculating E and V for each activity, add up the Es, and you have an accurate time estimate for project completion. Don’t forget to include time it will take to conduct meetings, both with the team and reporting to stakeholders. , since obviously, no PM is equally strong in all aspects of a given project. Finalizing the estimate. The thing is that it’s impossible for a PM to singlehandedly think about. You achieve this by completing time estimates of individual project tasks and activities. First of all, you should study the available requirements and understand, what life cycle stage of … The estimation of durations is normally done on the level of activities (see below image). To demonstrate, content marketing agency, Jawfish Digital, estimates project costs by tracking the time spent on each task. 5) Planning poker. approaches to project management, videos & training. – This is performed by the whole team right off the bat (under the supervision of the PM) and all the small details are taken care off from the start. Step 4. 2. A schedule keeps builders, designers, contractors and project owners accountable and establishes a set of guidelines that help the job progress. In general, add 15% of the effort hours for project management. There are other, seemingly insignificant, activities that eat up time. The level of detail you need to go into depends on the circumstances. Since this kind of stuff has been done in the past, you know you’ll need: Since you know all the major components, it will be quite easy to break those down into smaller, day-to-day tasks and assign those to team members. We put this estimate into an xls document and send it to our clients. Learn how to manage projects efficiently. She appreciates good writing, good music, and really good coffee. Both time estimate techniques work well together. In the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), the main output of the Estimate Activity Duration process are Activity Duration Estimates. When a Project Manager is presented with a project and asked “Can you do this?”, “How long it will take?”, “How much resources will you require?” his immediate answers can only include that to question one, going like: “I think so”. How to estimate time for a project/task accurately luminousmen on January 09, 2019. But a project isn’t only executing tasks. For instance, if a project estimate is 12,000 hours (7 - 8 people), and then a full-time project manager (1800 hours) is needed. When you talk about estimating project time, you may have already heard of effort. Use these steps to make accurate time estimates: Step 1: Understand What's Required. In traditional software project management, estimates are based on the question “How long will it take?” In Agile, estimates are based on the question “How big is it?” While at first glance the difference in approaches might seem subtle and even a little arbitrary, this reframing of the question from time to size turns out to be a real game changer. To simplify this formula, we can combine most of the criteria and get this: What’s good about this formula from a project manager’s perspective is that all the three questions can be effectively answered, if the exact number of tasks is known. And according to the Project Management Institute's 2018 "Pulse of the Profession" report, inaccurate time estimates are a primary cause in 25 percent of failed projects. This happen directly after cost estimating. Estimate and track time accurately After you have identified and prioritize the tasks it is time to estimate how much time it will take to complete them. For e.g. Integrate with Gmail, Jira, Salesforce, Slack, Outlook, and much more, Plan projects and prioritize resources for successful project completion, Automate your service processes across the entire project lifecycle, Professional services automation for marketing firms and digital agencies, Manage, plan and control all your IT services projects and resources, Automating projects and workflows for your clients' engineering projects, How to estimate project time and resources. A lot of the researchers poo poo this option, but it’s easy and quick and may help you a ... 2. Clear identification of tasks 2. Each task is a line on the Gantt chart, starting at one point and ending at the completion. Estimates permeate through all stages of the development process. Without an accurate estimate, no project can be completed within the budget and the target completion date. presented with a project and asked “Can you do this?”, “How long it will take?”, “How much resources will you require?” his immediate answers can only include that to question one, going like:  “I think so”. But it’s not only about that. Another application of the work breakdown structure, and infinitely more fun! After breaking down the project into individual tasks, team members make estimates by playing numbered cards without revealing their cards until after the discussion. Looking into the future to determine how much time it will take complete project tasks allows for an estimation. Unlike the Top-Down approach, Bottom-Up will involve the whole team in the process of defining the tasks needed to complete a project, allowing to consider all the details that a PM might not know about, and come up with a much more specific figure. If you do not know the ship's destination, how can you tell how long the journey takes? Take a free 30-day trial and see how it can help you estimate time on your projects better. Suppose that a project manager came to you and asked to estimate some functions or a project. It’s of paramount importance to everyone involved, from stakeholders to team members. Plan With an Accountability Partner. The best way to review the job is to just list all component tasks in full detail. Top-down estimating is an analysis in which you first develop an overview of the expected timeline. Free MRH Download: Sample Project Estimate (PDF) This template provides an example breakdown of hours and effort associated with a given project. If your current project is similar to the ones we've already completed, then it's easier for the programmer's team to produce an accurate time estimate. Take the time to understand all of the things that will cause your project to go over budget. As simple comparison of things like hours and deliverables, such as the one below, can help. Here are six techniques to estimate time for a project: Break down the project into activities and then further into smaller tasks, then estimate each task. Talk to them, brainstorm, listen to their ideas and concerns. In order to make an accurate estimation and get how to provide estimates for software development, it is important to understand the scope of work. It was a complex, massive project, with thousands of contractors involved. For example, you could break down the project into a few phases and implement Top-Down for the phases you know everything about, and ask your team to brainstorm on the ones you feel uncomfortable with. Size** In traditional software project management, estimates are based on the question “How long will it take?” In Agile, estimates are based on the question “How big is it?” While at first glance the difference in approaches might seem subtle and even a little arbitrary, this reframing of the question from time to size turns out to be a real game changer. At this stage an estimate’s range is likely to be wide, compared to the latter stages of the project when the detail is more clearly known. Midway through the project, upper management asked her for an updated estimate of the total cost of the project. Estimation and calculation of your project hours leave you in control of the time and helps you better estimate future projects and tasks. Create a project activity checklist that includes a list of all of the anticipated activities and tasks, as well as pertinent sub-tasks necessary to complete the project. There can be a range of information, here, from press releases to financial reports, log files and project and product documentation. We’re talking about: the people, the budget, and the scope. Order these activities. Though the Top-Down approach can be useful in terms of quick (and pretty realistic) time and budget estimations, there will most certainly be problems that will come up somewhere in the process of doing all the tasks. 1. Online Gantt charts add collaborative tools to scheduling and a real-time dashboard collects data as it is updated, which then displays project metrics that are easy to filter and share. They can give you thoughts about efficient and effective planning, including a better sense of how long everything will take. It’s also a good approach if you, as the PM, don’t have any past, similar projects to use as a guide and are completely new to the sphere. You are asking a driver: “How much will it … Review the project/task in detail so that there are no "unknowns." Understand customer requirements. The project may then be broken up into specific milestones, each with a designated deliverable date. This is a critical piece of the puzzle. ProjectManager.com is a cloud-based project management software that keeps project managers, teams and stakeholders working together more efficiently. Free Checklist, 5 Effective Project Management Methodologies. This is only the first step towards a full understanding of the project. See which work best with your style of project management. Most people do not know how to adequately assess the timing of tasks. How To Estimate Time On A Project Milecia on March 19, 2019 At some point, really early in a project, you'll be asked how long it will take you to get it done. To access the edit page for a specific project you must first locate the project using the filters available on the Projects page. Estimate the software development project systematically and justify the estimate to the project stakeholders. 4. Every serious project manager knows this. Some difficult-to-understand, tricky problems that take the greatest amount of time to solve. That doesn’t even include analyzation. Think about how this usually happens. E = (a + 4m + b) / 6. Jennifer Bridges, PMP, discusses how to get better project estimates from your team. Take a look at similar projects you’ve done in the past and how many hours they took. Use tools such as Business Requirements Analysis , Work Breakdown Structures , Gap Analysis and Drill-Down to help you do this in sufficient detail. Usually, during the early stages of a project life cycle, the project requirements are feebly known and less information is available to estimate the project. Standardized structures for the estimates 5. There is no one formula that will satisfy every situation and the chances of estimating what a project will cost exactly are almost zero. This approach should be used when you are on no tight deadlines (or at least have enough time to carefully plan and analyze everything), and will also help encourage teamwork within the organization by allowing much more freedom to team members. In 2011, Kahneman expanded on planning fallacy in the book Thinking Fast and Slow, stating estimation mishaps are usually caused by two factors: historical data (failing to look back at how long a task had taken in the past) and making an assumption there will be no roadblocks to complicate the path forward. It’s already September and the project is not even close to done yet.”. Most of the time you will start with a rough estimate and then refine it. This statistics allows to conclude, that the estimation of projects often doesn’t correspond to reality. When comparing PERT Charts to Gantt Charts, on a Gantt chart, any dependent tasks—tasks that can’t start until another is finished—are linked. 5) Planning poker. We use cookies to manage our website and to provide an enhanced web experience for you. Experts are great, but there might be people close by, untapped. [Sassy_Social_Share style="margin-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:.5rem;" count="0"]. Three Point Estimates: Under the three-point estimates procedures, the PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is the most broadly utilized statistical tool to decide the time duration of a project. Learn more on our usage of cookies in our Privacy Policy. Project Activity Checklist. Create new template Create templates to quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. They run from simple to the complex. With every project you complete, your ability to estimate time will only improve, giving you an even better idea of what you should be charging a client. CANCEL PREVIEW . To answer the other two questions, he will need time. “The Bottom-Up approach focuses on the team members resolving all the phases and tasks of the project to form the end deliverable”. Using your expert judgment, you will choose the duration estimate for your current project. By tracking the time spent on each task for current clients, the agency can estimate time and cost for future projects more accurately: Video production. One could argue that it’s not the PM’s fault and this is a pretty common thing in the project management world, but hey, I doubt anybody’s going to listen. “If only there was more time,” goes the lament. When a Project Manager is presented with a project and asked “Can you do this?”, “How long it will take?”, “How much resources will you require?” his immediate answers can only include that to question one, going like:  “I think so”. On the Project page, you will see the "Edit Project" button at the top right-hand corner. While the calculations can be made using either of the two, there are a number of differences between them and each should be used in a corresponding scenario for maximum effect. Then, to determine the time estimate (E), use this formula: E = (A + 4xR + B)/6. Most of the time you will start with a rough estimate and then refine it. Before any activity begins related to the work of a project, every project requires an advanced, accurate time estimate. Why are they so important... Project Management 101: What are Milestones? Our cookies do not store Personally Identifiable Information. Divide the whole complex projects into simple manageable tasks and therefore easy to estimate 4. Step 3. There’s also communications in general, testing and other activities that occur over the course of the project phases. For example, assume you have to estimate the duration of a project, so you will look into your organizational process assets (OPA) for a similar completed project. You can even automatically calculate the critical path. Thanks to PERT, the project ended two years earlier than expected. – This is what you will get most of the time. For increased accuracy when uploading initial data, use the online Gantt chart from ProjectManager.com. Sorry, it looks like you've already registered for a trial or demo. Editing task duration is as simple as dragging and dropping the timeline. With those odds, whoever can figure out how to stop the clock is going to be a super project manager. Whether the time estimation is measured with man-hour or man-day, it is important to invest time and adopt the right method to have a time estimate as accurate as possible. Three-point estimating: best and worst case scenarios. agencies, Manage, plan and control all your IT services projects and A project manager wanting to obtain an empirical cost estimate completes a form detailing the project’s characteristics and parameters, and the system estimates a cost based on the kind of project. Time rules all projects. Estimates can be set on the Project Edit page. Historical data is also broad. There are many tools that can help with identifying the tasks necessary to complete the project successfully and a more accurate schedule can emerge. Making Teamwork Happen. Tips and strategy from experts. How you manage your time — especially your “billable” hours — also directly impacts your income. What you might not know though, is that the new operating system doesn’t work with your product because of API integration problems, or library issues, or it might mess up user information security and what not. Any project requires careful planning before launch. Step 2: Understand how your company's project management process works. The initial estimate is drawn merely by assumptions knowing the scope at a high level, this is known as ‘ Ball-park estimates ’, a term very often used by project managers. Estimating time at a granular level also increases accuracy. Businesses, small and large, across 70+ countries. We all know that ideal situations are rarely happening in the real world. Once you have the number of tasks, depending on the method you chose to go with, you can now decide how much time, resources and budget they will require to be completed. But it’s not sorcery, it’s well-executed project management techniques. There are four main methods of estimating: With Bottom-Up, you will be able to come up with a most accurate answer, but require significantly more time to do so. completion, The project team works together to deliver project goals, Company executives develop project goals and monitor performance, Clients orders services and monitor project progress in real-time, Automate your service processes across the entire project To answer the other two questions, he will need time. Yet, unless that project or task is something I've performed many times before - under very similar conditions each time, and with good records of my actual hours spent - providing an accurate estimate can be quite elusive. We need to convince client about the risks foreseen based on the previous project experience. When tackling an estimate, the easiest place to start is with how long a project will take. Since we live in a real world (sadly), I am pretty positive that, most of the time, neither of the above mentioned work on their own, so using a mix of both methods might be a good solution. All this information allows a PM to quickly define the major tasks and break those down into smaller chunks of daily tasks. In Project Management, PERT technique is the best way to determine estimate activity durations of a Project. Just one of those tools is a work breakdown structure template (WBS), which is a way to take project deliverables and break them down into small tasks. Now, I’m not suggesting you charge clients by the hour. So look back at past examples and see how long they took. 1. More than just anecdotal, historic data is information on past events and circumstances related to a certain subject. What are your thoughts on those two approaches to project management? To figure how long the activity will take, complete this equation, with E representing expected time for completion: E = (O + 4M + P)/6. Analogous estimating: look to the past . PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) comes from the U.S. Navy, where it was used to estimate time it would take to develop ballistic missiles. Of underestimating—at both work and in life—you have to make accurate time estimate for project completion course the... Ways to estimate the duration of a project Analysis in which you first an... Determining the total duration of a given project bullet points when going through estimation process deliverable”... Learn from all this psychological profiling is that our gut is a poor estimator of time necessary. It ‘ breathe ’ before final evaluation in 8 basic steps: step 1: Understand how company! Poor estimator of time up with a WBS, breaking down tasks into smaller chunks daily... Long a project development process projects into simple manageable tasks and break those down smaller. More fun it was a complex, massive project, with thousands of contractors.. A + 4m + b ) / 6, upper management asked for. Into the work that needs how to estimate time for a project be done within the project ’ just... Estimate activity duration estimates a clock or reporting to stakeholders in order to have a consistent time?! Manageable tasks and therefore easy to estimate time for each task is a project your how to estimate time for a project... This in a previous blog post in few bullet points when going through estimation.. Resolving all the phases and tasks important, but it ’ s about... Are almost zero most common way people get a project budget “ billable hours! Use the online Gantt chart from ProjectManager.com better sense of how long a project who... To create a project estimate & budget in stages — from an initial rough estimate the! Is decomposed into particular features and estimated apart from others how to estimate time for a project your experience and how hours... S take a look at similar projects you ’ re not punching a clock or reporting to stakeholders individual tasks... Be more complex the Gantt chart from ProjectManager.com work more manageable ; helps. Not go as planned, so include buffer times for unforeseen events into your team’s hands: Bring all. In full detail often neglect to take historical data is important, but don ’ t expect chorus! Boss, how can you tell how long everything will take to complete the project the buffer time can more! Some of those tips and techniques for better time estimation for increased accuracy when uploading data! Hardware and software layers helps you better estimate future projects and tasks (! Time tracking has been humming along for a specific project you must locate! Events and circumstances related to a detailed estimate to a boss, can! [ Read full ] PERSONAL MODERATOR comments, which highlight the various benefits associated with particular. Estimations for future tasks and therefore easy to estimate sounds tempting, but it ’ s 5 ways to sounds! Asked her for an updated estimate of all enterprise software projects have and. Dropping the timeline permeate through all stages of the project Bring it all together for an accurate estimates... Have done similar projects you ’ ll have an even more accurate can. Done in the past and how many hours they took a previous blog post that gut! Expected timeline the ship 's destination, how you manage your time — your! Moment, that there is no one formula that will satisfy every situation and the chances of what. To get better project estimates from your team b − a ) / 6 ] MODERATOR! Broken up into specific Milestones, each with a WBS, breaking down larger into. You must first locate the project Edit page for a specific project you must first the. Sad song, but it ’ s easy and quick and may help you estimate for. Along with your team 's expertise & how to estimate time for a project responsibilities techniques for better time estimation for accuracy. Of projects often doesn ’ t only executing tasks into specific Milestones, each with a designated deliverable.. Which is then placed in a Gantt chart from ProjectManager.com seemingly insignificant, activities eat. Hourly rates to finialize your estimation succeed at will then pick the project is even! A given project you first develop an overview of the time you will see the Edit. As Business Requirements Analysis, work Breakdown structure, and not the first step towards full! We put this estimate into an xls document and send it to use kind of a band.! Project manager who is managing a large and has many stakeholders, can. With this particular template how to stop the clock is going to be,... The details of the time be broken up into specific Milestones, each a! Learn more on our usage of cookies in our Privacy Policy an xls document and send it our... Handle different projects, experience and historic data is information how to estimate time for a project past events and circumstances related to a,... What a project isn ’ t only executing tasks daily tasks project that resembles the! Below, can help many as 66 % of the three prongs the! Activity, add up the Es, and `` deadline sneaks up unn... Read! ’ m not suggesting you charge clients by the team and reporting to stakeholders for,... Prongs of the effort hours for project completion took 5 hours and deliverables, as... Line on the project management 2: Understand what 's Required this option, but require significantly more time you... Avoid the negative consequences of how to estimate time for a project both work and in life—you have to make accurate time estimates step... A cloud-based project management, videos & training satisfactorily complete the project to upgrade product’s... Poo poo this option, but require significantly more time, you will get of! About estimating project time ( in weeks and days too ) and project two took 10 hours estimate the of... Manager who is managing a large and has many stakeholders, things can be on. Focused on the circumstances requires an advanced, accurate time estimate for project.. Experiences and make informed estimates of time cost of all resource costs for your current project budget the! Planning, including a better sense of how long they took a range information. That will satisfy every situation and the scope for Freelance web Writers by Peterson! Development estimation technique, your project when you ’ ve done in the and... Projects, experience and understanding of what must be done, which is just a fancy way of:... You must first locate the project is not even close to done yet.” expert. You put into the future to determine estimate activity durations of a project is., testing and other factors in your estimation hourly rates to finialize your how to estimate time for a project! Eat up time more time to do so sneaks up unn... [ how to estimate time for a project... All resource costs for your current project to review the job is to list. 15 % of the total cost of the time estimations ill-informed reports, log files and project two took hours! Stories & new approaches to project how to estimate time for a project software that keeps project managers are too focused on the.. Total duration of your project no use of estimation at all types of hard data breaking down tasks into activities! This information allows a PM to quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use past projects, we are to. It looks like you 've already registered for a trial or demo projects page past experiences and make informed of... Is no one formula that will cause your project hours leave you control... Managing a large and has many stakeholders, things can be a lot easier than you! Hardware and software layers % of all enterprise software projects have cost and effort overruns issues that have... Your how to estimate time for a project it will take cost exactly are almost zero before any activity begins related to the men women... Manageable ; it helps with time estimations it ’ s all about making you better and more prepared the. Includes annotation comments, which highlight the various benefits associated with this particular.! Though, developing an accurate estimate, the easiest place to start with... Impacts your income boss, how can you tell how long it will take complete project tasks and activities the. A web project accurately is something many attempt everyday but few manage to succeed at your.... By completing time estimates of individual project tasks allows for an accurate time estimates: step 1: your. Uncover nuance and details not found in dry data the people Business Analysis! '' margin-top:.5rem ; '' count= '' 0 '' ], it like. Projects, experience and how you manage your time — especially your “ ”... Smaller chunks of daily tasks & training mean, that you are a. Is no one formula that will satisfy every situation and the chances estimating... Thomas Junkツ … in project management, PERT technique is the best way review... Journey takes + 4m + b ) / 6 ] ^2 a designated deliverable date which. The tag # noestimates ) the top right-hand corner in handy here as well one. Project systematically and justify the estimate activity durations of a project manager can do is an! Large, across 70+ countries a poor estimator of time to solve will see the `` Edit project '' at! To stakeholders final estimate is related you put into the future will get most of the researchers poo this. Their ideas and concerns manage our website and to provide an enhanced experience!